Aquatic animals, like fish or shrimp, have differences in their living environment, living habits and physiological functions compared with terrestrial animals. These include:
- Fish live in water for their life, and their feed must have better stability in water to prevent the loss of feed nutrients and reduce the pollution of feed to the water environment;
- Fish have short digestive tract, and their digestive enzyme activity is low, so their digestibility is lower than that of the terrestrial animals. Therefore, the crushing fineness of feed materials is higher, in order to improve the digestibility and utilization of feed;
- Because of the different living and feeding habits of different types fish in different growth stages, their nutrition requiment and feed products form differ.
So, the processing technology and processing equipment of fish feed are different from that of terrestrial animals.
Herm machinery high quality fish feed pellet mill plant can produce various fish feed pellets, including grass carp feed, herring feed, carp feed, trout feed, tilapia feed, salmon feed, cat fish feed, etc. The raw materials of the complete fish food plant production line include fishmeal, homemade fishmeal, alcohol masterbatch, soybean phosphatide, soybean meal, peanut meal, shrimp flour, sub-powder, wheat gluten meal, vegetable oil, etc. The final pellet produced is between 0.5 mm-12mm. For example, grass carp 0.8-6.0mm pellet, herring 0.5-6.0mm pellet, carp 0.8-5.0mm pellet, bream 0.5-3.5mm pellet, rainbow trout 0.8-3.0mm pellet, trout:0.8-3mm pellet, tilapia:0.8- 4mm pellet.
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How to Make Fish Feed?
How to make fish food? Fish feed production line process
1. Cleaning of raw materials and a coarse crushing
There are generally two forms of raw materials used in feed mills: one is powder, which does not need to be coarsely crushed. The other is pellets, which are materials that need to be coarsely crushed. Primary coarse pulverization is the pretreatment process of ultrafine pulverization in aquatic feed processing. Its main purpose is to reduce the particle size difference and variation range of materials, improve the working condition of the ultrafine grinder, and increase the working efficiency and guarantee of the ultrafine grinder Stable product quality.
2. The first batching and mixing
The first batch of ingredients is mainly the preparation of popular raw materials, that is, the preparation of relatively large materials in the formula. This process is mainly completed by the electronic batching scale. The first batching and mixing is also the pre-treatment process of ultra-fine pulverization, which is mainly to reduce the variation range of material particle size, improve the working condition of the pulverizer and increase the working efficiency of the pulverizer, and ensure the quality of the product.
3. Secondary crushing and mixing of secondary ingredients
Due to the low food intake of aquatic animals, short digestive tract, and poor digestion capacity, aquatic feed requires a very fine particle size to increase the surface area of the feed, increase the contact area between the digestive juice of aquatic animals and the feed, and increase the feed of aquatic animals. The digestibility and feed remuneration; at the same time, due to the low intake of aquatic animals, the mixing uniformity of the feed is required to be reflected in a smaller range, which also requires the aquatic feed to have a finer particle size. For example, all the shrimp feed must pass the 40-mesh analytical sieve, and the 60-mesh sieve must be less than 5%, so the micro-grinding process must be used. Various raw materials enter the secondary mixer after secondary batching. There is an artificial feeding port above the secondary mixer, which is mainly used for adding trace additives. After the material is pulverized and mixed with the secondary ingredients, it enters the subsequent process---expansion granulation process.
4. Puffing and granulating section
In the extrusion process, the material actually goes through a cooking process under high temperature, high humidity and high pressure. In this process, the physical and chemical properties of the material change strongly, and the moment the material is extruded from the die hole, because the pressure suddenly drops from high pressure to about 100kPa, the water in the feed is immediately transformed from liquid to gas and is emitted from the feed. So that the material is expanded to form the so-called expanded feed. Because this feed not only has the advantages of general hard pellet feed: good palatability, avoids automatic classification of products, is convenient for transportation, helps digestion, reduces waste in the feeding process, etc., but also has unique advantages: starch in the feed The gelatinization degree is high, the protein is easier to digest, and the utilization rate of the animal's feed is improved; it has excellent floatability, which is convenient for observing the feeding situation of fish and can control water pollution to the greatest extent. These are also the main reasons why extruded feed is widely used.
5. Particle drying and cooling section
After the material is extruded by the extruder, it will form squishy particles (with a moisture content of 25% to 30%). At this time, it is best to use pneumatic conveying instead of using a hoist to lift. Due to the high moisture content of the material conveyed by pneumatic force, it must be dried in the dryer to reduce the moisture of the material to about 13%. After the materials are dried, they enter the external spraying system. The external spraying of particles is mainly to meet the energy requirements of fish and reduce the loss of heat-sensitive substances during processing. Nutrients that should not be added in the previous process can be supplemented by spraying, and at the same time it can improve the palatability of the feed and reduce the powder content. The best working temperature for this process is around 80°C. After the material passes through the external spraying system, it can enter the countercurrent cooler for cooling.
6. Particle screening and packing section
The cooled material is lifted by a hoist and then crushed into the plane rotary screen for classification. The grading sieve is generally a two-layer sieve, and the material on the lower sieve is the finished product, which can be directly entered into the finished product warehouse, and then weighed and packaged.
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Advantages of Feed Pellets:
- High digestive utilization ratio: in the process of extruding, the heat, steam, pressure and other mechanical actions can promote the degree of starch pasting, break and soften the cell wall part of fiber structure and release some digestible materials, which is in favor of the digestion and absorption for aquatic livestock.
- In addition, with longer and easier storage period, fish feed via extrusion process, including floating, sinking and slow sinking types, also can satisfy different demands of aquatic animals with various ingestion habits. All in all, extruded fish feed has gained great popularity among fish farms and other aquaculture industry around the world.
- Convenient feeding management: extruded fish feed can float on water for a long time, which makes it easier to observe fish ingestion so as to adjust feeding quantity timely and master fish growth and health state.
- Slight pollution to environment: with good stability in water, extruded fish feed makes it possible to decrease the dissolution and sediment of feed nutrition and then reduce loss and waste, alleviating water pollution.
Raw Material
raw materials including grain, fishmeal, bone meal, bean cake, peanut meal, rice bran,wheat bran,clam shell powder,alcohol masterbatch,soybean phosphatide, ,shrimp flour,salmon powder,feed yeast,etc.
Our Advantage
If your team is going to build a fish feed pellet production line, the advantage of choosing us is that Herm will help you:
1.Determine the scale of fish feed mill.
2.Determine the feed process and recommend fish feed machine.
3.Control mode selection.
4.fish feed manufacturing plant structure selection.
5.Planning the general drawing of fish feed mill plant site.
6.We devote ourselves to undertaking all fish feed production line 1-100 T/H.
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